Ibikoresho byo gufata ibyuma bitagira umugese ni ijambo ryihariye ry’umwuga rikubiyemo ibicuruzwa bitandukanye. Ibikoresho byo gufata ibyuma bitagira umugese bikunze gukoreshwa mu gufata ibice by’imashini bihenze cyane bitewe n’uko bikora, biramba, kandi birwanya ingese cyane.

 
Ibikoresho bisanzwe by'icyuma kidashonga ubusanzwe birimo ubwoko 12 bw'ibice bikurikira:
1. Umupira: Ubwoko bw'igipfunyika kigizwe n'umutwe n'urushundura (silinda ifite umugozi wo hanze). Kigomba guhuzwa na nut kandi gikoreshwa mu gufunga ibice bibiri bifite imyobo inyuramo. Ubwo bwoko bw'igipfunyika bwitwa connection ya bolt. Iyo nut ikuwe kuri nut, ibice byombi bishobora gutandukanywa, bityo connection ya bolt ikaba ari connection ishobora gukurwaho.

2. Ishuri:Ubwoko bw'icyuma gifunga kitagira umutwe kandi gifite imigozi yo hanze gusa ku mpera zombi. Mu gihe gihuza, impera imwe yacyo igomba gushyirwa mu gice gifite umwobo w'imbere w'umugozi, indi mpera igomba kunyura mu gice gifite umwobo, hanyuma nut igashyirwamo screw, kabone n'iyo ibice byombi byaba bifatanye neza muri rusange.

3. Utwuma: Nanone ni ubwoko bw'ibifunga bigizwe n'ibice bibiri: umutwe n'urushundura. Bishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu hakurikijwe ikoreshwa ryabyo: vis by'imashini, vis by'imashini n'vis by'intego zihariye. vis by'imashini bikoreshwa cyane cyane ku bice bifite umwobo ufunganye. Guhuza igice gifite umwobo unyuramo ntibisaba ubufatanye bwa nut (ubu buryo bwo guhuza bwitwa vis by'imashini kandi ni isano ishobora gukurwaho; ishobora kandi gukoreshwa hamwe na Nut fit, ikoreshwa mu guhuza ibice bibiri bifite utwobo dunyuramo.) vis by'imashini bikoreshwa cyane cyane mu guhuza aho ibice bibiri biherereye. vis by'intego zihariye nka vis by'amaso bikoreshwa mu guterura ibice.

4. Imbuto z'icyuma kidasembuye: ifite imyobo y'imbere ifite imigozi, muri rusange imeze nk'umuzingo ugororotse ufite impande esheshatu, cyangwa umuzingo ugororotse ufite impande esheshatu cyangwa umuzingo ugororotse, ikoreshwa hamwe n'amaboliti, imigozi cyangwa vis by'imashini kugira ngo ifatanye ibice bibiri. Bikore byose.

5. Udupira two kwikomangaho: Kimwe n'imisumari y'imashini, ariko imisumari iri kuri iyo misumari ni imisumari yihariye yo gukoresha imisumari yikoraho. Ikoreshwa mu gufata no guhuza ibice bibiri by'icyuma bito kugira ngo bibe igice kimwe. Utwobo duto tugomba gukorwa mbere y'igihe ku nyubako. Kubera ko ubu bwoko bwa misumari bufite ubukana bwinshi, bushobora gushyirwa mu mwobo w'igice kugira ngo igice kiri hagati kibe cyakira neza. Bukora imisumari y'imbere ikora neza. Ubwo bwoko bw'imisumari nabwo ni umuhuza ushobora gukurwaho.

6. Utwuma tw'imbaho: Nanone bisa n'ibice by'imashini, ariko imigozi iri ku bice ni imigozi yihariye yo gukoresha ibice by'imbaho. Bishobora gushyirwa mu bice by'imbaho ​​(cyangwa ibice) kandi bigakoreshwa mu gufatanya icyuma (cyangwa ibitari icyuma) hamwe n'umwobo unyuramo. Ibice bifatanye n'igice cy'imbaho. Iyi migozi nayo ni umugozi ushobora gukurwaho.
7. Akamashini koza: Ubwoko bw'icyuma gifata gifite ishusho nk'impeta ya oblate. Gishyirwa hagati y'ubuso bushyigikira bwa bolts, vis cyangwa nuts n'ubuso bw'ibice bifatanye, kigira uruhare mu kongera ubuso buhuza ibice bifatanye, kugabanya umuvuduko kuri buri gice no kurinda ubuso bw'ibice bifatanye kwangirika; ubundi bwoko bw'icyuma gicana, gishobora kandi kubuza nut gucika intege.

8. Impeta yo gukingira:Ishyirwa mu mwobo w'imashini n'ibikoresho, kandi ikora nk'ikintu kibuza ibice biri ku mwobo cyangwa umwobo kugenda ibumoso n'iburyo.

9. Udupira: Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gushyira ibice mu mwanya wabyo, kandi bimwe binakoreshwa mu guhuza ibice, gufunga ibice, kohereza ingufu cyangwa gufunga ibindi bifunga.

10. Impumuro:Ubwoko bw'icyuma gifunga kigizwe n'umutwe n'umusumari, gikoreshwa mu gufata no guhuza ibice bibiri (cyangwa ibice) n'imyobo inyuramo kugira ngo bibe byose. Ubu buryo bwo guhuza bwitwa rivet connection, cyangwa riveting mu magambo ahinnye. Ni igice cy'ihuriro ridashobora gukurwaho. Kubera ko kugira ngo ibice bibiri bifatanye bitandukane, rivet ku bice bigomba gucikamo kabiri.

11. Iteraniro n'impande zombi zihuza: Iteraniro rivuga ubwoko bw'ibifunga bitangwa hamwe, nk'uruvange rw'imashini runaka (cyangwa bolt, screw yishyurwa) n'icyuma gifunga (cyangwa imashini ifunga, ifunga): guhuza Ibifunga bibiri bivuga ubwoko bw'igifunga gitangwa n'uruvange rw'ibifunga byihariye, imbuto n'ibifunga, nk'ibifunga bibiri bikomeye kandi bifite impande esheshatu ku byuma by'icyuma.

12. Gusudira inzaraKubera ko ibifunga bitandukanye bigizwe n'ingufu z'urumuri n'imisumari (cyangwa nta misumari ifite), birakomera kandi bigahuzwa n'igice (cyangwa igice) hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gusudira kugira ngo bibashe guhuzwa n'ibindi bice bisanzwe by'icyuma kidashonga.

Ibikoresho
Ibice bisanzwe by'icyuma kidashonga bifite ibyo bikeneye mu gukora ibikoresho fatizo. Ibikoresho byinshi by'icyuma kidashonga bishobora gukorwamo insinga z'icyuma cyangwa inkoni zo gukora ibipfunyika, harimo icyuma kidashonga cya austenitic, icyuma kidashonga cya ferritic, icyuma kidashonga cya martensitic, n'icyuma kidashonga gikomeza imvura. None se ni ayahe mahame mu guhitamo ibikoresho?

Guhitamo ibikoresho by'icyuma kidashonga byibanda ahanini ku ngingo zikurikira:
1. Ibisabwa ku bikoresho byo gufatanya mu bijyanye n'imiterere ya mekanike, cyane cyane imbaraga;
2. Ibisabwa kugira ngo ibikoresho birwanye ingese mu gihe bikora
3. Ibisabwa ku bushyuhe bukoreshwa ku bushyuhe bw'ibikoresho (imbaraga z'ubushyuhe bwinshi, ubushyuhe bwa ogisijeni n'indi miterere):
Ibisabwa mu gutunganya ibikoresho kugira ngo umusaruro urusheho kuba mwiza
5. Hari ibindi bintu bigomba kwitabwaho, urugero nk'uburemere, igiciro, kugura ibicuruzwa n'ibindi.
Nyuma yo gusuzuma neza kandi mu buryo burambuye ibi bintu bitanu, ibikoresho by'icyuma kidashonga biratoranywa hakurikijwe amahame ngenderwaho y'igihugu. Ibice bisanzwe n'ibifunga byakozwe bigomba kandi kuzuza ibisabwa mu rwego rwa tekiniki: bolts, vis na stud (3098.3-2000), nuts (3098.15-200) na vis (3098.16-2000).