Mu minsi mike, Abanyafurika y'Epfo bashobora kuba bahanganye n'ifungwa ry'agateganyo mu gihugu cyose niba umubare w'abanduye coronavirus wemejwe ukomeje kwiyongera.

Impungenge ni uko hashobora kubaho abandi bantu banduye mu baturage bataramenyekana bitewe n’uburyo isuzuma rya virusi rikorwa. Afurika y'Epfo ishobora kuba iri kumwe n'ibihugu nka Ubutaliyani n'Ubufaransa niba ingamba zashyizweho na Perezida Cyril Ramaphosa zitagabanya ukwiyongera kw'abanduye. Ku wa gatanu Minisitiri w'Ubuzima Zweli Mkhize yatangaje ko Abanyafurika y'Epfo 202 banduye, bakaba barazamutseho 52 ugereranije n'umunsi wabanjirije uwo.

“Ibi ni hafi kabiri umubare w’abantu banduye umunsi wabanje kandi ibyo bigaragaza ko icyorezo cyiyongera,” ibi byavuzwe na Porofeseri Alex van den Heever, umuyobozi w’ishami rishinzwe imicungire y’ubwishingizi bw’imibereho myiza mu ishuri ry’imiyoborere rya Wits. “Ikibazo cyabaye ukubogama mu isuzuma, kuko bagiye bareka abantu niba badahuye n’ibipimo. Ndizera ko iryo ari ikosa rikomeye mu gufata ibyemezo kandi muri rusange turimo kwirengagiza ko hashobora kuba kwandura indwara zishingiye ku baturage.”

Van den Heever yavuze ko Ubushinwa bwatangiye ifungwa rikomeye ubwo bwabonaga ukwiyongera gukomeye kw'abarwayi bashya bari hagati ya 400 na 500 ku munsi.

“Kandi dushobora kuba, bitewe n’umubare wacu, iminsi ine iri imbere,” Van den Heever yagize ati.

“Ariko iyo tuza kuba tubona ubwandu buri hagati ya 100 na 200 ku munsi mu baturage, twagombaga kongera ingamba zo kwirinda.”

Bruce Mellado, Porofeseri wa fiziki muri Kaminuza ya Wits akaba n'umuhanga mu bya siyansi muri iThemba LABS, hamwe n'ikipe ye bagiye basesengura amakuru menshi kugira ngo basobanukirwe uko icyorezo cya coronavirus kigenda ku isi ndetse no muri Afurika.

Mellado yagize ati: “Ikibazo gikomeye ni uko ibintu bimeze nabi cyane. Ikwirakwira rya virusi rizakomeza igihe cyose abantu batazakurikiza inama za leta. Ikibazo hano ni uko abaturage niba batubahirije inama za leta, virusi izakwirakwira kandi irusheho kuba nini.”

“Nta gushidikanya kuri ibyo. Imibare irasobanutse neza. Kandi no muri ibyo bihugu bifite urwego runaka rw’ibipimo, ikwirakwira ry’icyorezo ririhuta cyane.”

Ibi bibaye mu gihe abantu batanu bitabiriye itorero ryo muri Leta ya Free State bapimwe virusi itera SIDA. Abo batanu bari ba mukerarugendo, ariko Minisiteri y'Ubuzima irimo kwitegura gupima abantu bagera kuri 600. Kugeza ubu, Van den Heever yavuze ko ingamba zashyizweho ari nziza mu gukumira ikwirakwira ry'iyi virusi, harimo no gufunga amashuri na za kaminuza. Abana b'abanyeshuri bafatwaga nk'intandaro y'indwara z'ibicurane mu bihe byashize.

Nubwo Mkhize yavuze ko hari amahirwe ko hagati ya 60% na 70% by'Abanyafurika y'Epfo bazandura coronavirus, Van den Heever yagaragaje ko ibi bishoboka gusa mu gihe nta ngamba zashyizweho zo kurwanya icyorezo.

Umuvugizi wa Minisiteri y’Ubuzima, Popo Maja, yavuze ko niba habayeho ifungwa ry’igihugu, bizatangazwa na Mkhize cyangwa perezida.

Maja yagize ati: “Tugendera ku bisobanuro by’urubanza nk’uko bikubiye mu Mabwiriza Mpuzamahanga y’Ubuzima kuri buri gice cy’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku Buzima.”

Ariko niba umubare w’abandura mu baturage wiyongereye, byaba bivuze ko hagomba kumenyekana umuntu utera iyi virusi. Ibi bishobora kuba amatagisi, kandi byaba bivuze ko hashobora no gufungwa amatagisi, ndetse hagashyirwaho n’imipaka kugira ngo itegeko rihagarare, nk’uko byatangajwe na Van den Heever.

Nubwo ubwoba bw'uko igipimo cy'ubwandu kizakomeza kwiyongera, abahanga mu by'ubukungu baraburira ko ubukungu buri mu kaga gakomeye, cyane cyane mu gihe cyo gufungwa burundu.

“Ingaruka z’ingamba zo guhangana na coronavirus zizagira ingaruka mbi cyane kuri Afurika y’Epfo,” ibi byavuzwe na Dr Sean Muller, umwarimu mukuru mu ishuri ry’ubukungu rya Kaminuza ya Johannesburg.

“Amabwiriza y’ingendo azagira ingaruka mbi ku nganda zishinzwe ubukerarugendo n’amahoteli, mu gihe ingamba zo kwirinda abantu zizagira ingaruka mbi ku nganda zitanga serivisi by’umwihariko.”

“Izo ngaruka mbi zizagira ingaruka mbi ku bindi bice by’ubukungu (harimo n’ibigo bito) binyuze mu kugabanuka kw’imishahara n’amafaranga yinjira. Iterambere ry’isi ryamaze kugira ingaruka mbi ku bigo byashyizwe ku rutonde rw’ibigo kandi rishobora kugira izindi ngaruka ku rwego rw’imari.”

“Ariko, iki ni ikibazo kidasanzwe, bityo uburyo amategeko agenga imikorere y’inzego z’ibanze n’iz’isi yose azagira ingaruka ku bucuruzi n’abakozi ntibirasobanuka neza.” “Kubera ko tutarasobanukirwa neza uko ubuzima rusange buzagenda buhinduka, nta buryo bwo kubona ingero zizewe z’ingaruka.”

Muller yagize ati: “Gufunga imiryango byakongera ingaruka mbi cyane. Iyo bizagira ingaruka ku musaruro n’itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa by’ibanze, ibyo bishobora guteza ibibazo mu mibereho y’abaturage.”

“Guverinoma igomba kwitonda cyane mu kuringaniza ingamba zafashwe kugira ngo hirindwe ikwirakwira ry’indwara hamwe n’ingaruka mbi zishobora guterwa n’izo ngamba mu bukungu no mu mibereho myiza y’abaturage.” Dr Kenneth Creamer, umuhanga mu by’ubukungu wo muri Kaminuza ya Wits, yemeye.

“Icyorezo cya coronavirus giteje akaga gakomeye ku bukungu bwa Afurika y'Epfo busanzwe bufite iterambere rike ndetse n'ubukene n'ubushomeri bikomeje kwiyongera.”

“Tugomba kuringaniza inshingano z’ubuvuzi zo kugerageza kugabanya ikwirakwira rya coronavirus, hamwe n’inshingano z’ubukungu zo kugerageza gukomeza ubucuruzi bwacu no kubungabunga urwego ruhagije rw’ubucuruzi, ubucuruzi n’ubwishyu, ari byo bitanga ubuzima mu bikorwa by’ubukungu.”

Impuguke mu by’ubukungu Lumkile Mondi yizeraga ko Abanyafurika y’Epfo ibihumbi bashobora guhura n’ikibazo cyo gutakaza akazi. “Ubukungu bwa Afurika y’Epfo burimo guhinduka mu miterere y’imiterere, ihinduka ry’ikoranabuhanga n’imikoranire y’abantu bizagabanuka nyuma y’ikibazo. Ni amahirwe ku bacuruzi, barimo na sitasiyo za lisansi yo kwiyandikisha mu bikorwa byo kwikorera, bigasenya imirimo myinshi muri icyo gihe,” ibi ni ibyatangajwe na Mondi, umwarimu mukuru mu ishuri ry’ubukungu n’ubumenyi bw’ubucuruzi muri Wits.

“Bizanatanga inzira y’uburyo bushya bwo kwidagadura kuri interineti cyangwa kuri televiziyo uhereye kuri sofa cyangwa ku buriri. Ubushomeri bwo muri Afurika y’Epfo buzaba buri mu myaka ya za 30 nyuma y’ihungabana kandi ubukungu buzahinduka. Gufunga no gushyiraho urwego rw’ibiza birakenewe kugira ngo bigabanye ibura ry’ubuzima. Ariko ingaruka z’ubukungu zizarushaho kwiyongera mu ihungabana ry’ubukungu, ubushomeri n’ubukene birusheho kwiyongera.”

“Guverinoma igomba kugira uruhare runini mu bukungu no kuguriza Roosevelt mu gihe cy’ihungabana rikomeye ry’ubukungu nk’umukoresha wa nyuma kugira ngo ashyigikire inyungu n’imirire.”

Hagati aho, Dr Nic Spaull, umushakashatsi mukuru mu ishami ry’ubukungu muri Kaminuza ya Stellenbosch, yavuze ko nubwo hari urusaku rw’abanyeshuri n’abanyeshuri bagomba gusubiramo umwaka niba icyorezo cyakwirakwira cyane muri Afurika y’Epfo, amashuri ashobora kutazongera gufungurwa nyuma ya Pasika nk’uko byari byitezwe.

“Sintekereza ko bishoboka ko abana bose basubiramo umwaka. Ibyo byaba ari kimwe no kuvuga ko abana bose bazagira umwaka umwe kuri buri mwaka kandi nta mwanya w’abanyeshuri bazaza. “Ndatekereza ko ikibazo gikomeye muri iki gihe ari igihe amashuri azamara afunze. Minisitiri yavuze ko kugeza nyuma ya Pasika ariko sinshobora kubona amashuri afungurwa mbere y’impera za Mata cyangwa Gicurasi.”

“Ibyo bivuze ko tugomba gushyiraho gahunda y’uko abana bazabona amafunguro, bitewe n’uko abana miliyoni 9 batungwa n’amafunguro y’ubuntu ku ishuri. Uburyo twakoresha icyo gihe mu guhugura abarimu mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga n’uburyo bwo kwemeza ko abana bashobora kwiga nubwo baba bari mu rugo.”

Spaull yagize ati: “Ibi biterwa nuko hari interineti nziza mu ngo z’abo banyeshuri kandi ayo mashuri ashobora no kuzashyiraho gahunda zo kwigira kure binyuze muri Zoom/Skype/Google Hangouts nibindi.”